Heart Rhythm Problems

The heart generates its own electrical signal (also called an electrical impulse), which can be recorded by placing wires and electrodes on the chest. This is called an electrocardiogram (ECG).

The cardiac electrical signal controls the heartbeat in two ways. First, since each impulse leads to one heartbeat, the number of electrical impulses determines the heart rate. And second, as the electrical signal "spreads" across the heart, it triggers the heart muscle to contract in the correct sequence, thus coordinating each heartbeat and assuring that the heart works as efficiently as possible.

Signs and symptoms

You may not know if you have a heart rhythm problem. Many heart rhythm problems can be minor and harmless. People with healthy hearts have heart rhythm disturbances from time to time. However, heart rhythm problems in people with heart failure can be serious and make heart failure worse if they are not treated.

Be alert to symptoms that may be caused by heart rhythm problems including:

• Skipped heart beats.
• A "fluttering" or pounding feeling in the chest.
• Feeling dizzy or light-headed.
• Sudden shortness of breath.
• Periodic weakness.
• Fainting or sudden loss of consciousness.

These symptoms may happen because your heart is beating irregularly or too fast or too slow. Let your doctor or nurse know if you experience any of these symptoms.

How are heart rhythm problems diagnosed?

You can measure your heart rate by taking your pulse. Below are some of the tests used to diagnose the different types of abnormal heart rhythms (also known as arrhythmia).

• Electrocardiograph (ECG)
• 24 hour ECG
• Echocardiogram (Echo)
• Electrophysiological Study (EP study)

How are heart rhythm problems heart treated?

After your heart rhythm problem has been diagnosed, your doctor will develop a treatment plan that is right for you. Your treatment plan may include medicine, surgery, and/or an implantable device depending on the type of heart rhythm problem and your symptoms.