Antiplatelet agents

Antiplatelets are medicines that stop platelets sticking together to form blood clots. Read about the different types of antiplatelets, how they work, and their side effects.

Types of antiplatelet agents

Antiplatelets in tablet (oral) form:

  • aspirin, also called Cartia, Aspro, Aspec, Disprin
  • clopidogrel, also called Arrow-Clopid
  • ticagrelor

How do they work?

Antiplatelets are medicines that stop cells in the blood (platelets) from sticking together and forming a clot. A blood clot can lead to a heart attack or stroke.

Aspirin is the most common antiplatelet. You may be put on aspirin to reduce your risk of a heart attack and stroke.

You may need more than one sort of antiplatelet when you’ve had a heart event, stents or bypass surgery. 

These additional pills (clopidogrel and ticagrelor) work differently to aspirin. 

You may hear your doctor call this combination of medicines “dual antiplatelet therapy” or DAPT.

Side effects

Common side effects include:

  • bruising more easily 
  • bleeding for longer if you cut yourself
  • upset stomach
  • heavy periods
  • nosebleeds.

Call your doctor or Healthline (0800 611 116) if you: 

  • have blood in your urine (pee) or stools (poo)
  • have bleeding that won’t stop
  • cough or vomit blood
  • vomit up something that looks like coffee grounds
  • become pale, very weak and tired, or short of breath.

The risk of bleeding is higher if you’re taking more than one of these medications (dual anti-platelet therapy).

In some people, aspirin can cause asthma symptoms or make them worse. If you have asthma, talk to your doctor before starting aspirin. Ticagrelor may also make some people feel breathless. 

Talk to your doctor if your side effects are worrying you.  

It’s important you don’t stop taking your medicines without talking to your doctor first. Sometimes this can lead to further heart issues. If you’ve had a stent, stopping your medication can increase the risk of a blockage in it.

What checks will I need?

You shouldn't need any regular tests for your antiplatelet medications.

What happens if I miss a dose?

It's important to take your antiplatelet medication regularly and not to skip a dose. 

If you forget to take a dose, take it immediately, then continue as normal the following day. However, if it's almost time for the next dose, skip the missed dose and continue as normal.

Do NOT take a double dose.

What else do I need to know when taking antiplatelets?

Tell your health professionals if you're taking any:

  • supplements
  • medicines bought from a pharmacy without a prescription
  • natural medicines
  • vitamins
  • alternative therapies.

Let your dentist know if you’re on antiplatelet treatment.

If you need surgery or treatment for other conditions (not heart-related) and you’re on antiplatelet treatment, it is vital you talk to your doctor about it. 

It’s really important you don't stop your antiplatelet medication without talking to your doctor first.

Talk to your doctor about pregnancy or breastfeeding if you’re on antiplatelet treatment and these apply to you.

You may like to consider getting a Medic Alert bracelet or carrying an identification card.

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